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This Day In History: December 20th

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Communication
 
 
Crime and Corruption
1994
Marcelino Corniel, a homeless man, was shot and mortally wounded by White House security officers. He had brandished a knife near the executive mansion.
 
Defence
2001
The first British peacekeepers arrived in Afghanistan to help the nation heal after decades of war.

 
Disasters
1987
More than 3,000 people were killed when the Dona Paz, a Philippine passenger ship, collided with the tanker Vector off Mindoro island, setting off a double explosion.
1995
An American Airlines Boeing 757 en route to Cali, Colombia, crashed into a mountain, killing all but four of the 163 people aboard.
Discovery
1606
The "Susan Constant," "Godspeed" and "Discovery" set sail from London. Their landing at Jamestown, VA, was the start of the first permanent English settlement in America.
 
Education
 
 
Film, Television and Radio
1933
The film "Flying Down to Rio" was first shown in New York.
1946
The Frank Capra film "It's A Wonderful Life" had a preview showing for charity at New York City's Globe Theatre, a day before its "official" world premiere. James Stewart and Donna Reed star in the film.
1991
  Oliver Stone's "JFK" opened in the U.S.
Heads of State
1699
Peter the Great ordered that the Russian New Year be changed from September 1 to January 1.
1973
The Spanish premier Carrero Blanco was assassinated in Madrid.

Carrero Blanco
1991
  Ante Markovic resigned as federal Prime Minister of Yugoslavia.
2001
  Argentina's President Fernando De la Rua resigned after two years in power.
Health and Social Welfare
1996
Doctors reported that a Cypriot woman who had taken fertility drugs was carrying about 11 embryos.
1998
In Houston, TX, a 27-year-old woman gave birth to the only known living set of octuplets.
Industry
 
 
Law
 
 
Motor Sport
 
 
People
1968
  Author John Steinbeck died at the age of 66.
 
Politics
1860
South Carolina became the first state to secede from the American Union.
1963
The Berlin Wall was opened for the first time to West Berliners. It was only for the holiday season. It closed again on January 6, 1964.
1989
  General Noriega, Panama's former dictator, was overthrown by a United States invasion force invited by the new civilian government. The project was known as Operation Just Cause.
1999
  Sovereignty over the colony of Macao was transferred from Portugal to China.
Publishing
1968
Author John Steinbeck died at the age of 66.
 
Religion
 
 
Science
   
 
Sport
1962
A world indoor pole-vault record was set by Don Meyers when he cleared 16 feet, 11/4 inches.
1994
Ivan Lendl retired after a 17-year tennis career.

Ivan Lendl
Technology
1879
Thomas A. Edison privately demonstrated his incandescent light at Menlo Park, NJ.
1892
Alexander T. Brown and George Stillman patented the pneumatic tire.
1938
  Vladimir Kosma Zworykin patented the iconoscope television system.
The Arts
1880
New York's Broadway became known as the "Great White Way" when it was lighted by electricity.
 
The Environment
 
 
The Law
1803
The United States Senate ratified a treaty that included the Louisiana Territories from France for $15 million. The transfer was completed with formal ceremonies in New Orleans.
1820
The state of Missouri enacted legislation to tax bachelors between the ages of 21-50 for being unmarried. The tax was $1 a year.
1999
  The Vermont Supreme Court ruled that homosexual couples were entitled to the same benefits and protections as wedded couples of the opposite sex.
2001
  The U.S. Congress passed a $20 billion package to finance the war against terrorism taking place in Afghanistan.
The Workforce
1790
The first successful cotton mill in the United States began operating at Pawtucket, RI.
1928
Mail delivery by dog sled began in Lewiston, ME.
Trade and Economy
 
 
Transport
1954
Buick Motor Company signed Jackie Gleason to one of the largest contracts ever entered into with an entertainer. Gleason agreed to produce 78 half-hour shows over a two-year period for $6,142,500.
 
War
1864
Confederate forces evacuated Savannah, GA as Union Gen. William T. Sherman continued his "March to the Sea."
1946
In Indochina (Vietnam), full-scale guerrilla warfare between Vietnam partisans and French troops began.
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