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This Day In History: December 17th

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Communication
1953
USA
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) decided to approve RCA’s color television specifications.
 
Crime and Corruption
1925
USA
Col. William "Billy" Mitchell was convicted of insubordination at his court-martial.
1973
Thirty-one people were killed at Rome airport when Arab guerillas hijacked a German airliner.
1975
USA
Lynette Fromme was sentenced to life in prison for her attempt on the life of U.S. President Ford.
1996
  Peruvian guerrillas took hundreds of people hostage at the Japanese embassy in Lima. The siege ended on April 22, 1997, with a commando raid that resulted in the deaths of all the rebels, two commandos and one hostage.
1996
  The Red Cross pulled all but a few of its western staff out of Chechnya after six foreign aid workers were killed by masked gunmen.
Defence
1957
USA
The United States successfully test-fired the Atlas intercontinental ballistic missile for the first time.
2002
USA
U.S. President George W. Bush ordered the Pentagon to have ready for use within two years a system for protecting American territory, troops and allies from ballistic missile attacks.
2004
USA
U.S. President George W. Bush signed into law the largest overhaul of U.S. intelligence gathering in 50 years. The bill aimed to tighten borders and aviation security. It also created a federal counterterrorism center and a new intelligence director.

Disasters
 
 
Discovery
 
 
Education
 
 
Film, Television and Radio
1936
USA
The "The Rudy Vallee Show" debuted on NBC.
1959
USA
The film "On the Beach" premiered in New York City and in 17 other cities. It was the first motion picture to debut simultaneously in major cities around the world. The story is set in 1964, what was then the near future (1963 in the book) in the months following World War III. The conflict has devastated the northern hemisphere, polluting the atmosphere with nuclear fallout and killing all human life. While the nuclear bombs were confined to the northern hemisphere, global air currents are slowly but inexorably carrying the fallout to the southern hemisphere. The only part of the planet still habitable is the far south of the globe, specifically Australia. Like the novel, much of the film takes place in Melbourne, close to the southernmost part of the Australian mainland.

On The Beach - Melbourne
1969
USA
Television history was made when Tiny Tim and Miss Vicki Budinger were married on "The Tonight Show" with Johnny Carson.
1976
USA
WTCG-TV, Atlanta, GA, changed its call letters to WTBS, and was uplinked via satellite. The station became the first commercial TV station to cover the entire U.S.
Heads of State
 
 
Health and Social Welfare
1986
USA
Davina Thompson became the world's first recipient of a heart, lungs, and liver transplant.
1996
The Red Cross pulled all but a few of its western staff out of Chechnya after six foreign aid workers were killed by masked gunmen.
Industry
 
 
Law
1979
USA
Arthur McDuffie, a black insurance executive, was fatally beaten after a police chase in Miami, FL. Four white police officers were later acquitted of charges stemming from McDuffie's death.
1986
USA
Wayne "Danke Schoen" Newton won a $19.2 million suit against NBC News. NBC had aired reports claiming a link between Newton and mob figures. The reports were proven to be false.
1986
  Eugene Hasefus was pardoned and then released by Nicaragua. He had been convicted of running guns to the Contras.
Motor Sport
 
 
People
1830
  South American patriot Simon Bolivar died in Colombia.
 
Politics
1777
France recognized American independence.
1992
USA
U.S. President H.W. Bush, Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and Mexican President Carlos Salinas de Gortari signed the North American Free Trade Agreement.
1992
  Israel deported over 400 Palestinians to Lebanese territory in an unprecedented mass expulsion of suspected militants.
1998
USA
U.S. House Speaker-designate Bob Livingston admitted he'd had extramarital affairs.
2002
  Congo's government, opposition parties and rebels signed a peace agreement that ended four years of civil war.
Publishing
 
 
Religion
 
 
Science
1969
USA
The U.S. Air Force closed its Project "Blue Book" by concluding that there was no evidence of extraterrestrial spaceships behind thousands of UFO sightings.
 
Sport
2000
USA
Terrell Owens (San Francisco 49ers) caught an NFL-record 20 passes for 283 yards and a touchdown against the Chicago Bears. The previous record was held by Tom Fears (Los Angeles Rams) with 18 catches on December 3, 1950, against the Green Bay Packers. Owens also broke Jerry Rice's franchise record of 16 receptions set in 1994 against the Los Angeles Rams.
 
Technology
1895
George L. Brownell received a patent for his paper-twine machine.
 
The Arts
 
 
The Environment
 
 
The Law
1997
USA
U.S. President Clinton signed the No Electronic Theft Act. The act removed protection from individuals who claimed that they took no direct financial gains from stealing copyrighted works and downloading them from the Internet.
2004
USA
U.S. President George W. Bush signed into law the largest overhaul of U.S. intelligence gathering in 50 years. The bill aimed to tighten borders and aviation security. It also created a federal counterterrorism center and a new intelligence director.

The Workforce
 
 
Trade and Economy
1978
OPEC
OPEC decided to raise oil prices by 14.5% by the end of 1979.
2002
USA
McDonald's Corp. warned that they would report its first quarterly loss in its 47-year history.

2002: The insurance and finance company Conseco Inc. filed for Chapter 11 protection. It was the third-largest bankruptcy in U.S. history.
Transport
1791
USA
A traffic regulation in New York City established the first street to go "One Way."
1903
USA
The first successful gasoline-powered airplane flight took place near Kitty Hawk, NC. Orville and Wilbur Wright made the flight.
War
1939
NAZI Germany
The German pocket battleship Graf Spee was scuttled by its crew, bringing the World War II Battle of the Rio de la Plata off Uruguay to an end.

Graf Spee
1944
USA
The U.S. Army announced the end of its policy of excluding Japanese-Americans from the West Coast which ensured that Japanese-Americans were released from detention camps.
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