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This Day In History: July 5th

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Communication
 
 
Crime and Corruption
1989
Former U.S. National Security Council aide Oliver North received a $150,000 fine and a suspended prison term for his part in the Iran-Contra affair. The convictions were later overturned.
1991
Regulators shut down the Pakistani-managed Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) in eight countries. The charge was fraud, drug money laundering and illegal infiltration into the U.S. banking system.
2000
  Jordanian security agents shot and killed a Syrian hijacker after he threw a grenade that exploded and wounded 15 passengers aboard a Royal Jordanian airliner.
2000
  Euan Blair, the oldest son of British prime minister Tony Blair, was arrested after police found him drunk and lying on the ground in London's Leicester Square.
2002
  Former Nazi SS officer Friedrich Engel was convicted of 59 counts of murder stemming from massacre of Italian resistance fighters on May 19, 1944.
Defence
 
 
Disasters
 
 
Discovery
1998
Japan joined U.S. and Russia in space exploration with the launching of the Planet-B probe to Mars.
 
Education
 
 
Film, Television and Radio
1935
"Hawaii Call" was broadcast for the first time.
 
Heads of State
 
 
Health and Social Welfare
1948
Britain's National Health Service Act went into effect, providing government-financed medical and dental care.
 
Industry
 
 
Law
1984
The U.S. Supreme Court weakened the 70-year-old "exclusionary rule," deciding that evidence seized with defective court warrants could be used against defendants in criminal trials.
1995
The U.S. Justice Department decided not to take antitrust action against Ticketmaster.
Motor Sport
1916
Adelina and August Van Buren started on the first successful transcontinental motorcycle tour to be attempted by two women. They started in New York City and arrived in San Diego, CA, on September 12, 1916.
 
People
1948
  One of the most beautiful film actresses of all time, Carole Landis, committed suicide in Brentwood Heights with an overdose of Seconal. While she did appear in quite a number of films in the 1940's, her career never met her expectations. By the time she died her contract with 20th Century Fox had been ended.
1865
William Booth founded the Salvation Army in London.
2002
  In Algeria, 35 people were killed in violent attacks on the day that the country celebrated its 40 years of independence from France.
Politics
1811
Venezuela became the first South American country to declare independence from Spain.
1962
Algeria became independent after 132 years of French rule.
Publishing
1832
The German government began curtailing freedom of the press after German Democrats advocate a revolt against Austrian rule.
 
Religion
 
 
Science
   
 
Sport
1947
Larry Doby signed a contract with the Cleveland Indians, becoming the first black player in the American League.
1975
Arthur Ashe became the first black man to win a Wimbledon singles title when he defeated Jimmy Connors.
Technology
1892
Andrew Beard was issued a patent for the rotary engine.
1946
The bikini bathing suit, created by Louis Reard, made its debut during a fashion show at the Molitor Pool in Paris. Micheline Bernardini wore the two-piece outfit.
1951
  Dr. William Shockley announced that he had invented the junction transistor.
The Arts
 
 
The Environment
 
 
The Law
1935
U.S. President Roosevelt signed the National Labor Relations Act into law. The act authorized labor to organize for the purpose of collective bargaining.
 
The Workforce
 
 
Trade and Economy
 
 
Transport
 
 
War
1806
A Spanish army repelled the British during their attempt to retake Buenos Aires, Argentina.
1814
U.S. troops under Jacob Brown defeated a superior British force at Chippewa, Canada.
1830
  France occupied the North African city of Algiers.
1839
  British naval forces bombarded Dingai on Zhoushan Island in China and then occupied it.
1863
  U.S. Federal troops occupied Vicksburg, MS, and distributed supplies to the citizens.
1940
  During World War 2, Britain and the Vichy government in France broke diplomatic relations.
1941
  German troops reached the Dnieper River in the Soviet Union.
1943
  The battle of Kursk began as German tanks attack the Soviet salient. It was the largest tank battle in history.
1950
  U.S. forces engaged the North Koreans for the first time at Osan, South Korea.
2002
  Former Nazi SS officer Friedrich Engel was convicted of 59 counts of murder stemming from massacre of Italian resistance fighters on May 19, 1944.
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